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Support : Dialog Search Aids : EMBASE: Searching Drug Names EMBASE® (Dialog Files 72, 73): Searching Drug Names
Indexing All EMBASE items are indexed with thesaurus-controlled descriptors. The EMBASE thesaurus, EMTREE, includes medical terms, drug names, acronyms, MeSH® subject headings and spelling variations. Synonyms assigned by indexers are automatically translated to the corresponding EMTREE Preferred Term. Use the generic (preferred) term when searching an individual drug. For instance, items about "acetaminophen" or "4 acetamidophenol" (EMTREE synonyms) are indexed using the Preferred Term "paracetamol". When an article mentions a drug for which there is not an EMTREE term, the drug group name is indexed and the term UNCLASSIFIED DRUG is added as a descriptor. This enables retrieval of articles on rare or new drugs by combining the drug class name and the term UNCLASSIFIED DRUG in a search statement, e.g., SELECT CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT AND UNCLASSIFIED DRUG/DE. A new drug can also be searched by name in the entire Basic Index without a suffix, e.g., SELECT GRANISETRON OR BRL(W)43694. Although descriptors are always EMTREE Preferred Terms (or candidate terms), a separate field is available for Drug Trade Names (/TN, TN=). This field is used to index laboratory and research codes as well as registered trade names. However, when a drug trade name is indexed, a corresponding EMTREE-controlled drug descriptor is always also indexed. In some cases this is the same term (for example when a generic name or chemical is not yet known for the drug), but if possible a generic name is used as the Preferred Term. Example 1 Example 2 EMTREE Preferred Terms can be searched specifically as descriptors, but searches need not be restricted to the descriptor field. Results are enhanced in both cases: when searched as descriptors, since all synonyms are translated to the Preferred Term and in unrestricted free-text searches, because such searches normally include the descriptor field. It is essential that the Preferred Term is identified before the search is carried out. To find out whether a term is an EMTREE Preferred Term, use the online thesaurus or the printed EMTREE. To find the generic or preferred name of a drug, EXPAND the drug name within parentheses in the online thesaurus:
As shown in the above display, CITRATE POTASSIUM is the preferred term for UROCIT K. Additional synonyms, descriptor codes, CAS Registry Numbers, and trade names for the drug can be obtained by EXPANDing the R number of the preferred term (R2):
top DESCRIPTORS (ALL) (/DE, /DF) Descriptors are subject index terms and phrases assigned to each record to characterize the substantive content of the original document. All records in EMBASE are searchable using descriptors taken from the EMTREE thesaurus, published by Elsevier, the publisher of Excerpta Medica Abstract Journals. /DF is used to restrict retrieval to the single-word descriptor, e.g., S IBUPROFEN/DF.
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DESCRIPTORS (DRUG) (/DD, /DE) For greater flexibility in searching, EMTREE terms applied to drugs are searchable with the /DD suffix or with the /DE suffix. Drug descriptors are searchable as single words, using proximity operators, or as complete phrases with the /DD suffix:
top USE OF DRUG LINKS Drug descriptors may be subdivided by means of topical subheadings or links. Links are used to restrict retrieval to precisely the aspect of the topic desired, such as DRUG TOXICITY. Links may be used only with allowable categories of EMTREE descriptors. Links or subheadings included in the Descriptor field are searchable as single words (e.g., SELECT COMPLICATION/DE) or as complete phrases (e.g., SELECT DRUG INTERACTION/DE). Use the (L) operator to link the main heading and subheading. Subheadings are also searchable by two-letter abbreviations, as shown in the following example using AE for ADVERSE DRUG REACTION:
Drug links focusing on "Routes of Drug Administration" have been added. These links are used whenever the appropriate concept is mentioned in the original document. The complete list of new drug links with abbreviations can be found at: http://support.dialog.com/searchaids/dialog/f72_drug_links.shtml DRUG BRAND NAME (/TN, TN=) Drug brand or proprietary names mentioned in an article are indexed in the Drug Brand Name field. Brand names are searchable as single words, using proximity operators, or as complete phrases with the /TN suffix or TN= prefix.
For comprehensive retrieval, SELECT alternative forms of entry:
Since 1988, trade names have been linked to manufacturer names, when provided by the author. Linked names are searchable using the (L) operator:
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