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Cited Reference Searching in Files 34, 434 SciSearch^®

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Cited Reference (CR=). In SciSearch, all references cited in the bibliography of a source document are indexed in the Cited Reference field. If an important article on a particular research topic is known, it is possible to find later articles that cite this work. These references can usually be expected to deal with the same topic and to report the results of later research on this subject. Cited reference searching can be a very effective method of tracking research in a given field and of finding highly relevant references to the topic of interest. The cited reference functions as a very specific author-defined descriptor. Every item cited in a source document is indexed regardless of type or format, including journal articles, books, reports, patents, and including both authored and anonymous materials.

There are two general types of cited references in this file: authored citations having an individual or corporate author, and anonymous. You may search cited: authors, editors, inventors, journal papers, books, patents, conferences, government reports, corporate research reports, theses and dissertations, unpublished works, anonymous works, private communications. The CR field contains all the citations as provided by the author in his/her bibliography or list of references. Some title words may be abbreviated. The format of the entries in the CR field varies depending upon the type of work being cited (e.g., journal article, book, corporate report, patent, etc.) The CR field is made up of parts that may be searched separately. These parts are: Cited Author or Inventor (CA=), Cited Patents (CP=), Cited Work (CW=), and Cited Year (CY=). These parts may be coordinated together in a single SELECT statement using the (S) operator, which requires that terms be in the same cited reference, e.g., SELECT CA=CIRAC JI(S)CW=ATOMIC PHYSICS.

A typical entry in the CR field contains the following elements in this order: (1) first author's last name and initials, (2) publication year, (3) volume number, (4) the page number of the cited document, and (5) the abbreviated title of the cited work. Some of these elements may not be present, depending on the item cited and the information included in the citing source. For example, a cited book or report usually does not have a volume number, and a citation to the entire work does not specify a page number. These five elements, when present, are always arranged in the previously given order, and are separated from each other by a comma and space. The CR field is indexed as a complete phrase, retaining exact punctuation and spacing. Because of possible variations in the field, using the EXPAND command in the CR= index to verify the exact form(s) of entry is recommended. Appropriate E numbers can then be chosen. For example, citations to the article "Chemical reactivity of allyltrimethylsilane in UV laser induced aerosol particle formation with acrolein" by Morita H, which appeared in Journal Colloids And Surfaces, 1999, V153, P203 may be retrieved in the following way:

? expand cr=morita h, 1999, v153

Ref   Items  Index-term
E1       11  CR=MORITA H, 1999, V12, P95, J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC
E2       22  CR=MORITA H, 1999, V128, P557, EXP BRAIN RES
E3        0 *CR=MORITA H, 1999, V153
E4        7  CR=MORITA H, 1999, V153, P203, COLLOID SURFACE A
E5       39  CR=MORITA H, 1999, V19, P298, ARTERIOSCL THROM VA
E6        1  CR=MORITA H, 1999, V2, P398, P 45 ICOMST
E7        1  CR=MORITA H, 1999, V22, P11, HYPERTENS RES
E8        5  CR=MORITA H, 1999, V22, P11, HYPERTENS RES-CLIN E
E9        1  CR=MORITA H, 1999, V23, P114, ANN SURG
E10      13  CR=MORITA H, 1999, V230, P114, ANN SURG
E11       1  CR=MORITA H, 1999, V25, P151, CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN
E12       4  CR=MORITA H, 1999, V26, P151, CLIN EXP OBST GYN

? select e4

      S1       7  CR='MORITA H, 1999, V153, P203, COLLOID SURFACE A'

? type s1/3,k/1

1/3,K/1
DIALOG(R)File 34: SciSearch(R) Cited Ref Sci
(c) 2009 The Thomson Corp. All rights reserved.

15957151   Genuine Article#: 122GJ   No. References: 11
Photochemical reaction of gaseous butyl azide during aerosol 
particle formation from acrolein

Author: Morita H (REPRINT) ; Tsunashima H; Ishimoto T; Sano T
Corporate Source: Chiba Univ,Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Inage Ku,
Chiba 2638522//Japan/ (REPRINT); Chiba Univ,Grad Sch Sci & 
Technol, Inage Ku,Chiba 2638522//Japan/; Chiba Univ,Fac Engn, Dept 
Informat & Image Sci, Inage Ku,Chiba 2638522//Japan/
Journal: JOURNAL OF PHOTOPOLYMER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY , 2006 , 
V 19 , N6 , P 713-717
ISSN: 0914-9244   Publication date: 20060000
Publisher: TECHNICAL ASSOC PHOTOPOLYMERS,JAPAN , CHIBA UNIV, 
FACULTY ENGINEERING, YAYOICHO, CHIBA, 263-8522, JAPAN
Language: English   Document Type: ARTICLE   ( ABSTRACT AVAILABLE )
Cited References:
    ...MORITA H, 1999, V153, P203, COLLOID SURFACE A

Cited Author or Cited Inventor (CA=). The name of the first author of a cited article (or the first-named inventor of a cited patent) is extracted from the CR field and can be searched with the CA= prefix. The additional author names of a cited article are not searchable. If a document was written by more than one person, and it is not appearing in the CA  field, search for the original document to verify the name of the first author. A book or other work (not article) by more than one person can be searched using its title in Cited Work (CW=) field.

Most, but not all, of the references in SCISEARCH are indexed and searchable by cited authors. Personal names entered in the CA  field have a maximum field length of 18 characters. Cited author names are entered in the format: last name, space, initials. No more than three initials of an author's name are included in the CA field. Last names longer than 15 characters are truncated at the 15th letter; then follows a space preceding first and second initials. For example, the cited author M.J. FERNADEZSARABIANI appears as CA=FERNADEZSARABIA MJ. Spanish or Portuguese names like S. RAMON Y CAJALAGUERAS becomes CA=CAJALAGUERAS SRY. Names of cited authors are indexed in the form in which they are given in the source document. Middle initials may or may not be included. Author names in non-Roman alphabets may be transliterated in various ways in different source journals that cite them. For complete retrieval, use the EXPAND command with each of the variant forms in which a name might be entered.

Truncation may be used in the Cited Reference field to retrieve all references that cite any of the works of a particular author. For example, SELECT CA=THOOFT G? retrieves all articles that cite anything written by G. T'Hooft as first author. However, the retrieved set may include references that cite other authors with the same last name and initials, while references citing works co-authored by this particular author in which someone else is listed as the first author are not retrieved.

Anonymous citations. Anonymous citations are indexed under the title of the original journal, book, etc. The usual form of entry for anonymous citations is (1) title of the publication, (2) publication year, (3) volume number, and (4) page number. Using the EXPAND command to locate the title is recommended; appropriate E numbers can then be chosen, e.g.,

? expand ca=nature biotech

Ref   Items  Index-term
E1        1  CA=NATURE AUSTR
E2        1  CA=NATURE BEAST RECENT
E3        1 *CA=NATURE BIOTECH
E4        1  CA=NATURE BIOTECH DEC
E5        1  CA=NATURE BIOTECH S NOV
E6        1  CA=NATURE BIOTECHN 0220
E7        1  CA=NATURE BIOTECHNO SEP
E8       11  CA=NATURE BIOTECHNOL
E9        1  CA=NATURE BIOTECHNOL S
E10       1  CA=NATURE BIOTECHNOLO S
E11      36  CA=NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
E12       1  CA=NATURE CAMBRIDGESHIR
...

? s e3:e11

      S2      54  CA='NATURE BIOTECH':CA='NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY'

? t s2/3,kwic/

2/3,KWIC/1
DIALOG(R)File 34: SciSearch(R) Cited Ref Sci
(c) 2009 The Thomson Corp. All rights reserved.

19046133   Genuine Article#: 426JA   No. References: 22
Genome-based expression profiles as a single standardized microarray platform 
for the diagnosis of bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis: an array 
of 139 genes model

Author: Tseng LH; Chen I; Chen MY; Lee CL (REPRINT) ; Lin YH; Lloyd LK
Corporate Source: Chang Gung Mem Hosp,Dept Obstet & Gynecol,Tao Yuan 
333//Taiwan/ (REPRINT); Chang Gung Mem Hosp,Dept Obstet & Gynecol,Tao Yuan 
333//Taiwan/; Univ Chang Gung,Sch Med,Tao Yuan 3 33//Taiwan/; Stanford Univ,
Dept Elect Engn,Stanford//CA/94305; Univ Alabama,Sch Med, Div Urol,
Birmingham//AL/; Univ Sydney,Sch Elect & Informat Engn,Sydney/NSW 2006/Australia/
Journal: INTERNATIONAL UROGYNECOLOGY JOURNAL , 2009 , V 20 , N5 
( MAY ) , P 515-522
ISSN: 0937-3462   Publication date: 20090500
Publisher: SPRINGER LONDON LTD , ASHBOURNE HOUSE, THE GUILDWAY, 
OLD PORTSMOUTH ROAD, ARTINGTON GU3 1LP, GUILDFORD, ENGLAND
Language: English   Document Type: ARTICLE   ( ABSTRACT AVAILABLE )
Cited References:
    NATURE BIOTECHNOL, 2000, V18, PIT37...

 

Titles of publications are often abbreviated (e.g., Nature Env for Nature Environment) because of a maximum field length of 20 characters. Minor words of book titles are commonly eliminated, and major words may be truncated. For newspapers or magazines, the month and day of publication may be given immediately following the title with no intervening comma. For example, NY TIMES 1231, 2002 refers to an anonymous citation from the 2002 December 31st issue of the New York Times. Sometimes the publication year is omitted from the journal citation, and only the volume number is used. Variant forms of entry are quite common in citations to anonymous material. For example, the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) may appear in the Cited Reference field as JAMA, J AM MED ASS, or J AM MED ASSOC. Variant entries are still more common in anonymous citations to books and reports. Use the EXPAND command in the CA= index to see possible variations.

News articles, even if they have a signed byline, are commonly cited without the reporter/author's name, and should be searched as anonymous items.

Cited Patent (CP=). Cited patent information extracted from the CR field is searchable with the CP= prefix. A cited patent entry usually contains a country code followed by a patent number, year, and sometimes the inventor. Because entries in the CP= field vary, use of the EXPAND command to locate the exact form(s) of entry is recommended. Appropriate E numbers can then be chosen, e.g.,

? expand cp=gb 1062867

Ref   Items  Index-term
E1        1  CP=GB 106269, 1989, HEIMBURGER N
E2        1  CP=GB 106275, 1984, MUTO K
E3        0 *CP=GB 1062867
E4        1  CP=GB 1062867, 1995
E5        1  CP=GB 1062872, 1967, NIELD E
E6        1  CP=GB 1063028, 1967, LANDIS PS
E7        2  CP=GB 1063291, 1967, MCMILLAN PW
E8        1  CP=GB 1063354, MAIWALD R
E9        2  CP=GB 1063357, 1967, SMEYKAL K
E10       3  CP=GB 1063898, 1964, BEAN CM
E11       2  CP=GB 1063898, 1967, BEAN CM
E12       1  CP=GB 1064323, 1963, COOK GH
...

? select e4
S3   1  CP=GB 1062867, 1995

? type s3/cp

DIALOG(R)File 34: SciSearch(R) Cited Ref Sci
(c) 2009 The Thomson Corp. All rights reserved.

Cited Patents:
GE 948330, 1954
GB 1062867, 1995
USSR 1151538, 1983
GE 1253270, 1964
FR 1545178, 1966
US 3853853, 1974
US 3899318, 1975
US 3944552, 1976
US 3997324, 1976

Inventor names, if present in a citation, are indexed in the CA= field as well as appearing as part of the CP= entry.

Cited work (CW=). Cited works are also searchable separately in the Cited Work (CW=) field. Entries in the CW= field are indexed by complete phrase, with a maximum length of 20 characters. The CW field can be used to find out how many times a particular journal has been cited in the core journal literature. This field can also be used to find documents that cite a particular book. The CW field is extracted from the Cited Reference field.

Because of the removal of words of minor importance and frequent truncation of major words, the form(s) of cited work title entries vary. Use of the EXPAND command in the CW= index to locate the exact form(s) of entry is recommended, appropriate E numbers can then be chosen, e.g.,

? expand cw=am j hyg monogr ser

Ref   Items  Index-term
E1        1  CW=AM J HYG C
E2        6  CW=AM J HYG D
E3       17 *CW=AM J HYG MONOGR SER
E4        1  CW=AM J HYG MONOGR 4
E5        2  CW=AM J HYG MONOGRAPH S
E6        3  CW=AM J HYG MONOGRAPHIC
E7        6  CW=AM J HYG S
E8        1  CW=AM J HYG SCI
E9        3  CW=AM J HYG S1
E10       1  CW=AM J HYG S2
E11       1  CW=AM J HYG TAIPEI
E12       3  CW=AM J HYG TROP MED
...

? select e3:e6
S4   23  CW=AM J HYG MONOGR SER:CW=AM J HYG MONOGRAPHIC

Cited Year (CY=). The year in which a cited work was published or otherwise completed is searchable with the CY= prefix, e.g.,

? select ca=piot p (s) cy=1999
S5  10  CA=PIOT P(S)CY=1999

? type s5/6,kwic/3
	
5/6,K/3
DIALOG(R)File 34: SciSearch(R) Cited Ref Sci
(c) 2009 The Thomson Corp. All rights reserved.

13960358   Genuine Article#: 924RZ   Number of References: 32
Transverse and longitudinal beam dynamics studies at the Fermilab photoinjector
 ( ABSTRACT AVAILABLE )
Publication date: 20050400
Cited References:
    ...PIOT P, 1999, P86, P 1999 PART ACC C NE

Note that the (S) operator is used to retrieve the cited author and the cited year from within the same cited reference.

Citation Classics. Some research papers have been highly cited as authoritative sources in their fields. These have been identified as "Citation Classics". These highly cited Citation Classics are searchable in combination with keywords, authors, or other fields, e.g.,

? select citation?(w)classic and biology

S6    19    CITATION?(W)CLASSIC AND BIOLOGY

? type s6/kwic

6/KWIC/1
DIALOG(R)File 34: SciSearch(R) Cited Ref Sci
(c) 2009 The Thomson Corp. All rights reserved.

Soil biology & biochemistry citation classic v