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Support : Dialog Search Aids : Multilingual Descriptors in Dialog File 144 Multilingual Descriptors in Dialog File 144 "PASCAL"
Introduction. Records in PASCAL database contain descriptors in English, French, Spanish, and German. Most records contain multiple descriptors in both English and French. Additional descriptors in Spanish may be present in some records in the area of biology since 1985 and all areas since 1987, and in German for the area of metallurgy since 1980. There is an average of 10 or more descriptors (in each available language) per record. Searching with the /DE suffix retrieves descriptors in English, French, Spanish, or any language in which descriptors have been assigned in a particular record:
Descriptors are indexed as individual words and as multiword phrases and they may be SELECTed as single words using proximity operators or as complete phrases. Descriptors may include hyphens, commas, or other punctuation. Retain exact spacing and punctuation when SELECTing the descriptor as the complete phrase, e.g., SELECT X RAY ABSORPTION/DE. Note: be sure to EXPAND variations on the phrase, such as X-RAY ABSORPTION. If the descriptor phrase contains a slash (/), a colon (:), or some other character that cannot be SELECTed directly, enclose the entire descriptor in single or double quotation marks, e.g., SELECT "PB-206/PB-204"/DE. Use the proximity operators (W) or (N) to replace all punctuation when SELECTing descriptors as single words, e.g., S SILICA(W)SUB/DE. A single-word descriptor may be searched using the /DF suffix to retrieve only that word as the full descriptor. Note the difference in retrieval in the following SELECT statements:
Set 2 includes records with the word ROBOT anywhere in the Descriptor field, either as the full descriptor or as part of a phrase. SELECT ROBOT/DE retrieves descriptors such as ROBOT ARM, INDUSTRIAL ROBOT, and ROBOT PROGRAMMING, as well as the single-term descriptor ROBOT, whereas SELECT ROBOT/DF retrieves only ROBOT as the full descriptor. Using the /DE suffix also retrieves terms from the Broad Descriptors field (/BT):
Descriptors are also searchable by separate languages. topEnglish Descriptor (/ED). English-language descriptors are searchable separately in the /ED field. English descriptors are indexed both by the individual word and by the complete phrase and are searchable using the /ED suffix, e.g.,
Assigned descriptors in the /ED field may reflect either British or American spellings. The search strategy should reflect these variations, e.g., SELECT COLOR OR COLOUR/ED. topFrench Descriptor (/FD). French-language descriptors are searchable separately in the /FD field. When there is a difference in the number of descriptors assigned in each language, French descriptors are the most numerous. French descriptors are indexed both by the individual word and by the complete phrase and are searchable using /FD suffix, e.g.,
Spanish Descriptor (/SD). Spanish-language descriptors are searchable separately in the /SD field. Spanish descriptors are indexed both by the individual word and by the complete phrase and are searchable using the /SD suffix, e.g.,
Other Language Descriptor (/OD). Descriptors in languages other than French, English, and Spanish are searchable separately in the /OD field. German-language descriptors only for the area of metallurgy appear in the Other Language Descriptor field. Other language descriptors are indexed both by the individual word and by the complete phrase and are searchable using the /OD suffix, e.g.,
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