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Find Reported Side Effects of a Drug and Its Interactions with Other Drugs?
TOPIC: In this example, using ToxFile® (File 156), you want to find reported side effects from the drug Paxil (paroxetine), used to treat anxiety and depression. ToxFile covers the toxicological, pharmacological, biochemical and physiological effects of drugs. Similar to MEDLINE®, ToxFile lets you search headings linked to subheadings (e.g., side effects (SI)) using the (L) connector. Note: if you need to find the generic name for a drug, use Embase®.
In this example you want to find adverse effects of Paxil and its interaction with other drugs.
COMMAND SUMMARY
BEGIN 156
SELECT PAXIL OR PAROXETINE
SELECT S1(L) (AE or TO or PO or SI)
SELECT S2/2005:2006
TYPE S3/6/1-4
TYPE S3/9/1
SELECT PAROXETINE/DE AND DRUG()INTERACT?/TI,DE,ID
SELECT S4/2005:2006
TYPE S5/6/1-5
TYPE S5/9/5
HOW TO...
1. BEGIN 156, a database containing effects of drugs and chemicals.
2. SELECT the drug name and synonyms.
3. Use the (L) connector to link to subheadings for adverse effects (AE), toxicity (TO), poisoning (PO) and side effects (SI).
4. Limit the search to the current year(s). |
?b 156
File 156:ToxFile 1965-2006/Aug W2
(c) format only 2006 Dialog
Set Items Description
--- ----- -----------
?SELECT PAXIL OR PAROXETINE
30 PAXIL
1108 PAROXETINE
S1 1112 PAXIL OR PAROXETINE
?SELECT S1(L) (AE OR TO OR PO OR SI)
792 S1/DE
372476 AE/DE
2813 TO/DE
50805 PO/DE
225 SI/DE
S2 430 S1(L) (AE OR TO OR PO OR SI)
?SELECT S2/2005:2006
430 S2
147332 PY=2005 : PY=2006
S3 53 S2/2005:2006 |
5. TYPE a few titles using Format 6. |
?TYPE S3/6/1-5
3/6/1
4486318 NLM Doc No: 16456219
Persistent tardive rebound panic disorder, rebound anxiety and insomnia following paroxetine withdrawal: a review of rebound-withdrawal phenomena.
Winter 2006
3/6/2
4470905 NLM Doc No: 16739830
Counseling pregnant women treated with paroxetine. Concern about cardiac malformations.
May 2006
3/6/3
4468412 NLM Doc No: 16418712
Defective alleles may not have contributed to adverse effects.
Feb 2006
3/6/4
4468411 NLM Doc No: 16418711
Defective alleles may not have contributed to adverse effects.
Feb 2006
|
6. TYPE a complete record using Format 9.
The full record contains title, author, journal data and abstract.
Note the headings in the descriptor field linked to sub-headings. |
?T S3/9/1
3/9/1
DIALOG(R)File 156:ToxFile
(c) format only 2006 Dialog. All rts. reserv.
4486318 NLM Doc No: 16456219
Persistent tardive rebound panic disorder, rebound anxiety and insomnia following paroxetine withdrawal: a review of rebound-withdrawal phenomena.
Bhanji Nadeem H; Chouinard Guy; Kolivakis Theodore; Margolese Howard C Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, Allan Memorial Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC.
Journal Name: Canadian journal of clinical pharmacology = Journal canadien de pharmacologie clinique (Canada) Pub. Year: Winter 2006 13 (1) pe69-74, ISSN: 1710-6222 -- Electronic Journal Code: 9804162
Publishing Model Print-Electronic
Document type: Case Reports; Journal Article; Review
Languages: ENGLISH
Main Citation Owner: NLM
Record type: MEDLINE; Completed
Subfile: Toxbib ; INDEX MEDICUS; Toxbib
OBJECTIVE: To describe tardive rebound anxiety phenomena (panic, anxiety and insomnia) following abrupt paroxetine discontinuation. METHOD: Case report, with comprehensive literature review on rebound and withdrawal phenomena associated with psychotropic medications. RESULTS: Three
different discontinuation syndromes with psychotropics are described: (1) new-onset CNS-depressant type withdrawal symptoms (minor and major); (2) rebound syndromes; and (3) supersensitivity symptoms. Abrupt paroxetine discontinuation has been well described and fits the first category. Tardive rebound panic disorder-phenomena with paroxetine has some features of the supersensitivity category. CONCLUSION: Chronic paroxetine treatment may lead to 5-HT2-receptor down regulation, with desensitization of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2 receptors, which may contribute to tardive rebound symptoms upon abrupt withdrawal. Early reports suggest that genetic factors may also contribute to withdrawal symptoms in susceptible individuals. Cholinergic
rebound may also occur and could explain tardive insomnia and anxiety in paroxetine withdrawal. (31 Refs.)
Tags: Female
Descriptors: *Anxiety--diagnosis--DI; *Panic Disorder--diagnosis--DI; *Paroxetine--adverse effects--AE; *Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders--diagnosis--DI; *Substance Withdrawal Syndrome--diagnosis--DI; Aged; Akathisia, Drug-Induced--diagnosis--DI; Akathisia, Drug-Induced--psychology--PX; Anxiety--chemically induced--CI; Anxiety--psychology--PX; Humans; Panic Disorder--chemically induced--CI; Panic Disorder
--psychology--PX; Paroxetine--therapeutic use--TU; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders--chemically induced--CI; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders--psychology--PX; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome--psychology--PX
CAS Registry No.: 61869-08-7 (Paroxetine)
Record Date Created: 20060203
Record Date Completed: 20060818
Date of Electronic Publication: 20060123 |
7. To find drug interactions, use the generic drug name limited to the descriptors and “drug interactions” restricted to the title, descriptors and identifiers.
8. Narrow the search to the current year(s). |
?SELECT PAROXETINE/DE AND DRUG()INTERACT?/TI,DE,ID
792 PAROXETINE/DE
922585 DRUG/TI,DE,ID
101153 INTERACT?/TI,DE,ID
66351 DRUG/TI,DE,ID(W)INTERACT?/TI,DE,ID
S4 156 PAROXETINE/DE AND DRUG()INTERACT?/TI,DE,ID
?S S4/2005:2006
156 S4
147332 PY=2005 : PY=2006
S5 23 S4/2005:2006
|
9. TYPE a few records in Format 8 to see titles and descriptors.
Note that drug interactions is a heading listed in the descriptor field. |
?T s5/8/1
5/8/1
DIALOG(R)File 156:ToxFile
(c) format only 2006 Dialog. All rts. reserv.
3921723 NLM Doc No: 16564762
The serotonin syndrome complicating co-prescription of paroxetine and clarithromycin.
Descriptors: *Clarithromycin--adverse effects--AE; *Enzyme Inhibitors--adverse effects--AE; *Paroxetine--adverse effects--AE; *Serotonin Syndrome--chemically induced--CI; *Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors--adverse effects--AE; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents--adverse effects--AE; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation--adverse effects--AE; Anxiety--drug therapy--DT; Clarithromycin--administration and dosage--AD; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System--antagonists and inhibitors--AI; Drug Interactions; Enzyme Inhibitors--administration and dosage--AD; Humans; Paroxetine--administration and dosage--AD; Prescriptions, Drug; Respiratory Tract Infections--drug therapy--DT; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors--administration and dosage--AD |
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