 |
Search for Drug Names in EMBASE®?
TOPIC: I have the brand name of a drug and I realize that without the preferred generic name or laboratory code I will miss a lot of important articles in the biomedical literature. How can I find comprehensive synonyms for drug brand names in the biomedical literature?
EMBASE® (File 72) is one of the leading sources for searching the biomedical literature. It is especially strong in reporting all aspects of medical and pharmaceutical information. The EMBASE thesaurus, EMTREE, consists of more than 50,000 medical terms, drug names, acronyms, MeSH® subject headings and spelling variations. EMBASE also indexes more than 218,000 synonyms, with over 137,000 drugs and chemicals, which as nonpreferred terms, point to the preferred term. Such pointers include the drug brand name, chemical names, other generic names, laboratory codes, CAS® registry numbers and MeSH terms. EMBASE uses the International Nonproprietary Nomenclature (INN) generic names as its preferred drug terms. This is a key difference from MEDLINE® (File 154), which indexes the United States Adopted Names (USAN) as its preferred terms. For example, EMBASE prefers paracetamol for Tylenol® and MEDLINE indexes acetaminophen.
In EMBASE Dialog’s EXPAND command makes it easy to find the preferred term. An additional EXPAND takes you to a list of synonyms for the preferred term. For details and search aids on using EMTREE click here.
In this application you will search for articles about Rocephin® as a possible treatment for Lou Gehrig’s disease (ALS). All you have is the brand name Rocephin; you need to find the INN proprietary name and look at a list of international synonyms and laboratory codes for this drug.
COMMAND SUMMARY
BEGIN 72
EXPAND ROCEPHIN
EXPAND E3
EXPAND R2
SELECT R1 OR R14:R17
SELECT S1 AND (AMYOTROPHIC(W)LATERAL(W)SCLEROSIS OR ALS)
TYPE S2/8/1-5
TYPE S2/7/5
HOW TO...
1. BEGIN File 72 to search EMBASE.
2. EXPAND the drug brand name.
The expanded list shows that 736 records have the term Rocephin.
Notice the addition of the third column, Related Terms (RT). Rocephin has 1 related term.
|
?b72
File 72:EMBASE 1993-2007/Mar 22
(c) 2007 Elsevier B.V.
Set Items Description
--- ----- -----------
?e rocephin
Ref Items RT Index-term
E1 8 ROCEPHALIN
E2 1 ROCEPHALINE
E3 736 1 *ROCEPHIN
E4 120 1 ROCEPHINE
E5 11 ROCERON
E6 5 ROCERON A
E7 4 ROCESS
E8 1 ROCESSES
E9 42 ROCF
E10 1 ROCF GENE
. . . |
3. EXPAND the E reference number for the drug name, in this case, E3.
EMBASE points to ceftriaxone as the preferred term. The letter U means Use this term. The preferred term has 19 related terms, which will turn out to be synonyms.
Note: You can bypass the original EXPAND on the drug name by enclosing the drug name in parentheses.
|
?e e3
Ref Items Type RT Index-term
R1 736 1 *ROCEPHIN
R2 16005 U 19 CEFTRIAXONE
?e (rocephin)
Ref Items Type RT Index-term
R1 736 1 *ROCEPHIN
R2 16005 U 19 CEFTRIAXONE |
4. EXPAND the R reference number of the preferred term.
The expanded display shows the preferred term
and the related terms, including the Descriptor
Code (DC=) for the broader drug class and 17 synonyms.
5. SELECT the R reference numbers for drug terms you want from the list. The colon acts as a range.
|
?e r2
Ref Items Type RT Index-term
R1 16005 19 *CEFTRIAXONE
R2 59444 DC=D20.10.100.10 (CEPHALOSPORIN DERIVATIVE)
R3 10448 B 127 CEPHALOSPORIN DERIVATIVE
R4 1 S 1 ACANTEX
R5 2 S 1 BIOTRAKSON
R6 2 S 1 CEFATRIAXONE
R7 1 S 1 CEFIN
R8 0 S 1 CEFOTRIAXON
R9 4 S 1 CEFOTRIAXONE
R10 0 S 1 CEFTRIAXONE SODIUM
R11 0 S 2 CEPH 3 EM 4 CARBOXYLIC ACID 7 2 (O METHYLOXIME
R12 5 S 1 CEPHTRIAXONE
R13 5 S 1 MONOCEF
R14 3 S 1 RO 13 9904
R15 33 S 1 ROCEFIN
R16 736 S 1 ROCEPHIN
R17 120 S 1 ROCEPHINE
R18 0 S 1 7 (2 (2 AMINOTHIAZOL 4 YL)GLYOXYLAMIDO) 3 (((2
R19 15864 S 1 RN=73384-59-5
R20 15864 S 1 RN=74578-69-1
?s r1 or r14:r17
16005 CEFTRIAXONE
889 RO 13 9904:ROCEPHINE
S1 16006 'CEFTRIAXONE' OR R14:R17 |
6. SELECT Set 1 (S1) and additional terms regarding your search query.
|
?s s1 and (amyotrophic(w)lateral(w)sclerosis or als)
16006 S1
7150 AMYOTROPHIC
73250 LATERAL
42089 SCLEROSIS
7110 AMYOTROPHIC(W)LATERAL(W)SCLEROSIS
11223 ALS
S2 67 S1 AND (AMYOTROPHIC(W)LATERAL(W)SCLEROSIS OR ALS) |
7. TYPE a few records in Format 8, a free format, which gives you the Title, Descriptors and Publication Year.
Note: Partial records shown.
To select the appropriate record number, look at the numbers above each record (e.g. 2/8/2).
|
?t s2/8/1-5
2/8/1
DIALOG(R)File 72: EMBASE
(c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
14303966 EMBASE No: 2006502385
What is the role of other complementary examination?
QUELLE EST LA PLACE DES AUTRES EXAMENS COMPLEMENTAIRES?
Publication Date: 2006
DRUG DESCRIPTORS:
ceftriaxone--drug therapy--dt; corticosteroid--drug therapy--dt; ganglioside GM2--endogenous compound--ec; penicillin G--drug therapy--dt
MEDICAL DESCRIPTORS:
* amyotrophic lateral sclerosis--diagnosis--di
Borrelia infection--drug therapy--dt; Human immunodeficiency virus infection; Kennedy disease; Lyme disease; adrenoleukodystrophy; blood cell count; bone marrow biopsy; computer assisted tomography; conference paper; cyanocobalamin deficiency; diagnostic accuracy; diagnostic procedure; diagnostic test; differential diagnosis; electromyography; electrophoresis; endocrine disease; erythrocyte sedimentation rate; genetic disorder; human; inclusion body myositis; mammography; metabolic disorder; muscle biopsy; nuclear magnetic ….
CAS Registry Number: 73384-59-5, 74578-69-1 (ceftriaxone); 19600-01-2 (ganglioside GM2); 1406-05-9, 61-33-6 (penicillin G)
2/8/2
DIALOG(R)File 72: EMBASE
(c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
14296109 EMBASE No: 2007062185
Mouse models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Publication Date: 2007
DRUG DESCRIPTORS:
alpha tocopherol--drug therapy--dt; ceftriaxone--drug combination --cb; ceftriaxone--drug therapy--dt; copper zinc superoxide dismutase--endogenous compound--ec; creatine--drug therapy--dt; gabapentin --drug therapy--dt; glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor--drug therapy--dt; lentivirus vector; lysine acetylsalicylate--drug therapy--dt; microtubule protein--endogenous compound--ec; minocycline--drug combination --cb; minocycline--drug interaction--it; minocycline--drug therapy--dt; nimodipine--drug combination--cb; nimodipine--drug interaction--it; nimodipine--drug therapy--dt; proteasome--endogenous compound--ec; recombinant enzyme--drug therapy--dt; recombinant ….
MEDICAL DESCRIPTORS:
* amyotrophic lateral sclerosis--drug therapy--dt; * amyotrophic lateral sclerosis--etiology--et; * amyotrophic lateral sclerosis--prevention--pc; * disease model; *experimental mouse
RNA interference; catalysis; cytoskeleton; drug potentiation; enzyme activity; genetic code; human; immunization; intermediate filament; missense mutation; mitochondrion; motor neuron disease--etiology--et; neurofilament; nonhuman; pathogenesis; protein aggregation; protein transport; review; steady state; transgenic mouse; viral gene therapy
Drug Terms (Uncontrolled): protein ALS2--endogenous compound--ec
CAS Registry Number: 1406-18-4, 1406-70-8, 52225-20-4, 58-95-7, 59-02-9 (alpha tocopherol); 73384-59-5, 74578-69-1 (ceftriaxone); 57-00-1 (creatine); 60142-96-3 (gabapentin); 34220-70-7, 37933-78-1, 62952-06-1, 77337-52-1 (lysine acetylsalicylate); 10118-90-8, 11006-27-2, 13614-98-7 (minocycline); 66085-59-4 (nimodipine); 140879-24-9 (proteasome); 1744-22-5 (riluzole); 67763-96-6 (somatomedin C)
. . .
2/8/5
DIALOG(R)File 72: EMBASE
(c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
14231638 EMBASE No: 2007004053
Motor neuron disease recovery associated with IV ceftriaxone and anti-Babesia therapy
Publication Date: 2007
DRUG DESCRIPTORS:
* antiparasitic agent; *ceftriaxone--adverse drug reaction--ae; * ceftriaxone--drug therapy--dt; *ceftriaxone--intravenous drug administration--iv antibiotic agent; atovaquone--drug therapy--dt; atovaquone--oral drug administration--po; azithromycin; doxycycline--drug therapy--dt; mefloquine --drug therapy--dt; mefloquine--oral drug administration--po; ursodeoxycholic acid--drug therapy--dt
MEDICAL DESCRIPTORS:
* motor neuron disease--diagnosis--di; *motor neuron disease--drug therapy --dt
Borrelia burgdorferi; adult; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis--diagnosis--di; antibiotic therapy; case report; convalescence; drug efficacy; erythrocyte; gallstone--drug therapy--dt; human; male; neurologic examination; parasitosis; review; symptom; treatment duration
Medical Terms (Uncontrolled): bile sludging--side effect--si
CAS Registry Number: 94015-53-9, 95233-18-4 (atovaquone); 83905-01-5 (azithromycin); 73384-59-5, 74578-69-1 (ceftriaxone); 10592-13-9, 17086-28-1, 564-25-0 ( doxycycline); 51773-92-3, 53230-10-7 (mefloquine); 128-13-2, 2898-95-5 ( ursodeoxycholic acid) |
8. TYPE desired records in Format 7, which provides the Bibliographic Citation and Abstract.
|
?t 2/7/5
2/7/5
DIALOG(R)File 72: EMBASE
(c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
14231638 EMBASE No: 2007004053
Motor neuron disease recovery associated with IV ceftriaxone and anti-Babesia therapy
Harvey W.T.; Martz D.
W.T. Harvey, Rocky Mountain Chronic Disease Specialists, L.L.C., 3010 N. Circle Drive, Colorado Springs, CO 80909 United States
Author Email: wth928@aol.com
Acta Neurologica Scandinavica ( ACTA NEUROL. SCAND. ) ( United Kingdom ) 2007 , 115/2 (129-131)
CODEN: ANRSA ISSN: 0001-6314 eISSN: 1600-0404
Document Type: Journal ; Review
Language: ENGLISH Summary Language: ENGLISH
Number Of References: 24
This report summarizes what we believe to be the first verifiable case of a significant and progressive motor neuron disease (MND) consistent with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis that resolved during treatment with i.v. ceftriaxone plus oral atovaquone and mefloquine. The rationale for use of these antibiotics was (i) positive testing for Borrelia burgdorferi and (ii) red blood cell ring forms consistent with Babesia species infection. The patient has continued to be free of MND signs and symptoms for 15 months, although some symptoms consistent with disseminated Borreliosis remain. (c) 2007 The Authors. |
RELATED HOW DO I...? SOLUTIONS
NEED HELP?
Contact the Dialog Knowledge Center
Within North America 1 800 3 DIALOG (334 2564)
Outside North America 0 800 33 DIALOG (33 34 2564)
Web Form www.dialog.com/contacts/webform
|
You are viewing the
Click below to view the
 |
